Ruth Baer

rbaer's picture
Graduate Training: 
Ph.D. West Virginia Univ., 1985
Research: 

Mindfulness is a particular way of paying attention that originates in Buddhist meditation practices and has been adapted for use in Western mental health settings.  I conduct research on the assessment and conceptualization of mindfulness, mindfulness-based interventions, psychological effects of mindfulness meditation, mechanisms by which mindfulness training achieves its beneficial effects, and relationships between mindfulness and other aspects of psychological functioning. I am also interested in mindfulness and related aspects of emotional and cognitive functioning in people with borderline personality disorder and borderline traits.

I teach and supervise several mindfulness-based interventions, including acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), and mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR). I am interested in relationships between mindfulness skills and more traditional cognitive-behavioral interventions. I also enjoy psychological assessment and supervising students in a variety of assessment procedures.

 

Selected Publications: 
  • Baer, R. A. (2003).  Mindfulness training as a clinical intervention:  A conceptual and empirical review.  Clinical Psychology:  Science and Practice, 10, 125-143.

  • Baer, R. A., Smith G. T., Allen, K. B. (2004).  Assessment of mindfulness by self-report: The Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills.  Assessment, 11, 191-206.

  • Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Hopkins, J., Krietemeyer, J., Toney, L. (2006).  Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness.  Assessment, 13, 27-45.

  • Baer, R. A. (Ed.) (2006).  Mindfulness-based treatment approaches: Clinician’s guide to evidence base and applications.  San Diego, CA: Elsevier.

  • Baer, R. A. (Ed.) (2010). Assessing mindfulness and acceptance processes in clients: Illuminating the theory and practice of change. New Harbinger. 
  • Sauer, S. E. & Baer, R. A. (2010). Validation of measures of biosocial precursors to borderline personality disorder: Childhood emotional vulnerability and environmental invalidation. Assessment, 17, 454-466

  • Baer, R. A. (2011). Measuring mindfulness. Contemporary Buddhism: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 12, 241-261

  • Sauer, S. E. & Baer, R. A. (in press). Ruminative and mindful self-focused attention in borderline personality disorder. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment. 

Pubmed Publications: 
  • Geiger, P.J.;Peters, J.R.;Sauer-Zavala, S.E.;Baer, R.A. "Relationships Among Maladaptive Cognitive Content, Dysfunctional Cognitive Processes, and Borderline Personality Features." Journal of personality disorders (2013): Details. Full text
  • Sauer-Zavala, S.E.;Geiger, P.J.;Baer, R.A. "The Effect of Anger Rumination in the Relationship Between Borderline Personality Disorder Symptoms and Precursors." Journal of personality disorders (2013): Details. Full text
  • Baer, R.A.;Carmody, J.;Hunsinger, M. "Weekly Change in Mindfulness and Perceived Stress in a Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program." Journal of clinical psychology (2012): Details. Full text
  • Sauer, S.E.;Baer, R.A. "Ruminative and mindful self-focused attention in borderline personality disorder." Personality disorders 3, 4 (2012): 433-41. Details. Full text
  • Chew, R.;Thomas, S.;Mantha, M.L.;Killen, J.P.;Cho, Y.;Baer, R.A. "Large urate cystolith associated with Proteus urinary tract infection." Kidney international 81, 8 (2012): 802. Details. Full text
  • Peters, J.R.;Upton, B.T.;Baer, R.A. "Brief Report: Relationships Between Facets of Impulsivity and Borderline Personality Features." Journal of personality disorders (2012): Details. Full text
  • Greco, L.A.;Baer, R.A.;Smith, G.T. "Assessing mindfulness in children and adolescents: development and validation of the Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM)." Psychological assessment 23, 3 (2011): 606-14. Details. Full text
  • Baer, R.A.;Samuel, D.B.;Lykins, E.L. "Differential item functioning on the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire is minimal in demographically matched meditators and nonmeditators." Assessment 18, 1 (2011): 3-10. Details. Full text
  • Bond, F.W.;Hayes, S.C.;Baer, R.A.;Carpenter, K.M.;Guenole, N.;Orcutt, H.K.;Waltz, T.;Zettle, R.D. "Preliminary psychometric properties of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II: a revised measure of psychological inflexibility and experiential avoidance." Behavior therapy 42, 4 (2011): 676-88. Details. Full text
  • Baer, R.A.;Sauer, S.E. "Relationships between depressive rumination, anger rumination, and borderline personality features." Personality disorders 2, 2 (2011): 142-50. Details.
  • Sauer, S.E.;Baer, R.A. "Validation of measures of biosocial precursors to borderline personality disorder: childhood emotional vulnerability and environmental invalidation." Assessment 17, 4 (2010): 454-66. Details. Full text
  • Carmody, J.;Baer, R.A.;L B Lykins, E.;Olendzki, N. "An empirical study of the mechanisms of mindfulness in a mindfulness-based stress reduction program." Journal of clinical psychology 65, 6 (2009): 613-26. Details. Full text
  • Sauer, S.E.;Baer, R.A. "Relationships between thought suppression and symptoms of borderline personality disorder." Journal of personality disorders 23, 1 (2009): 48-61. Details. Full text
  • Carmody, J.;Baer, R.A. "How long does a mindfulness-based stress reduction program need to be? A review of class contact hours and effect sizes for psychological distress." Journal of clinical psychology 65, 6 (2009): 627-38. Details. Full text
  • Carmody, J.;Baer, R.A. "Relationships between mindfulness practice and levels of mindfulness, medical and psychological symptoms and well-being in a mindfulness-based stress reduction program." Journal of behavioral medicine 31, 1 (2008): 23-33. Details. Full text
  • Baer, R.A.;Smith, G.T.;Lykins, E.;Button, D.;Krietemeyer, J.;Sauer, S.;Walsh, E.;Duggan, D.;Williams, J.M. "Construct validity of the five facet mindfulness questionnaire in meditating and nonmeditating samples." Assessment 15, 3 (2008): 329-42. Details. Full text
  • Greco, L.A.;Lambert, W.;Baer, R.A. "Psychological inflexibility in childhood and adolescence: development and evaluation of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth." Psychological assessment 20, 2 (2008): 93-102. Details. Full text
  • Heaton, L.J.;Carlson, C.R.;Smith, T.A.;Baer, R.A.;Leeuw, R. "Predicting anxiety during dental treatment using patients'self-reports: less is more." Journal of the American Dental Association (1939) 138, 2 (2007): 188-95; quiz 248-9. Details. Full text
  • Baer, R.A.;Smith, G.T.;Hopkins, J.;Krietemeyer, J.;Toney, L. "Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness." Assessment 13, 1 (2006): 27-45. Details. Full text
  • Toljanic, J.A.;Baer, R.A. "Same-day implant placement and provisionalization for single-tooth implants: a technique update and review of clinical experiences." Dentistry today 24, 7 (2005): 73-4, 76-7; quiz 77. Details.
  • Baer, R.A.;Smith, G.T.;Allen, K.B. "Assessment of mindfulness by self-report: the Kentucky inventory of mindfulness skills." Assessment 11, 3 (2004): 191-206. Details. Full text
  • Rinaldo, J.C.;Baer, R.A. "Incremental validity of the MMPI-A content scales in the prediction of self-reported symptoms." Journal of personality assessment 80, 3 (2003): 309-18. Details. Full text
  • Baer, R.A.;Miller, J. "Underreporting of psychopathology on the MMPI-2: a meta-analytic review." Psychological assessment 14, 1 (2002): 16-26. Details. Full text
  • Toljanic, J.A.;Baer, R.A. "Immediately restored single-tooth implants. Shortening treatment time to increase patient acceptance." Dentistry today 21, 8 (2002): 42-5. Details.
  • Berry, D.T.;Bagby, R.M.;Smerz, J.;Rinaldo, J.C.;Caldwell-Andrews, A.;Baer, R.A. "Effectiveness of NEO-PI-R research validity scales for discriminating analog malingering and genuine psychopathology." Journal of personality assessment 76, 3 (2001): 496-516. Details. Full text
  • Archer, R.P.;Handel, R.W.;Greene, R.L.;Baer, R.A.;Elkins, D.E. "An evaluation of the usefulness of the MMPI-2 F(p) scale." Journal of personality assessment 76, 2 (2001): 282-95. Details. Full text
  • Ballenger, J.F.;Caldwell-Andrews, A.;Baer, R.A. "Effects of positive impression management on the NEO Personality Inventory--Revised in a clinical population." Psychological assessment 13, 2 (2001): 254-60. Details. Full text
  • Caldwell-Andrews, A.;Baer, R.A.;Berry, D.T. "Effects of response sets on NEO-PI-R scores and their relations to external criteria." Journal of personality assessment 74, 3 (2000): 472-88. Details. Full text
  • Ranseen, J.D.;Campbell, D.A.;Baer, R.A. "NEO PI-R profiles of adults with attention deficit disorder." Assessment 5, 1 (1998): 19-24. Details.
  • Baer, R.A.;Ballenger, J.;Berry, D.T.;Wetter, M.W. "Detection of random responding on the MMPI-A." Journal of personality assessment 68, 1 (1997): 139-51. Details. Full text
  • Baer, R.A.;Wetter, M.W. "Effects of information about validity scales on underreporting of symptoms on the personality assessment inventory." Journal of personality assessment 68, 2 (1997): 402-13. Details. Full text
  • Baer, R.A.;Sekirnjak, G. "Detection of underreporting on the MMPI-2 in a clinical population: effects of information about validity scales." Journal of personality assessment 69, 3 (1997): 555-67. Details. Full text
  • Berry, D.T.;Adams, J.J.;Clark, C.D.;Thacker, S.R.;Burger, T.L.;Wetter, M.W.;Baer, R.A. "Detection of a Cry for Help on the MMPI-2: an analog investigation." Journal of personality assessment 67, 1 (1996): 26-36. Details. Full text
  • Wetter, M.W.;Baer, R.A.;Berry, D.T.R.;Reynolds, S.K. "The Effect of Symptom Information on Faking on the MMPI-2" Assessment 1, 2 (1994): 199-208. Details.
  • Baer, R.A.;Detrich, R. "Tacting and manding in correspondence training: effects of child selection of verbalization." Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior 54, 1 (1990): 23-30. Details.
  • Blount, R.L.;Baer, R.A.;Stokes, T.F. "An analysis of long-term maintenance of effective toothbrushing by head start schoolchildren." Journal of pediatric psychology 12, 3 (1987): 363-77. Details. Full text
  • Chelune, G.J.;Baer, R.A. "Developmental norms for the Wisconsin Card Sorting test." Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology 8, 3 (1986): 219-28. Details. Full text
  • Collins FL, J.;Baer, R.A.;Blount, R.L. "Single-subject research designs for optometry." American journal of optometry and physiological optics 62, 8 (1985): 516-22. Details.
  • Baer, R.A.;Williams, J.A.;Osnes, P.G.;Stokes, T.F. "Delayed reinforcement as an indiscriminable contingency in verbal/nonverbal correspondence training." Journal of applied behavior analysis 17, 4 (1969): 429-40. Details.
  • Baer, R.A.;Blount, R.L.;Detrich, R.;Stokes, T.F. "Using intermittent reinforcement to program maintenance of verbal/nonverbal correspondence." Journal of applied behavior analysis 20, 2 (1969): 179-84. Details.
  • Toljanic, J.A.;Baer, R.A.;Ekstrand, K.;Thor, A. "Implant rehabilitation of the atrophic edentulous maxilla including immediate fixed provisional restoration without the use of bone grafting: a review of 1-year outcome data from a long-term prospective clinical trial." The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants 24, 3 (1969): 518-26. Details.
  • Baer, R.A. "On the functional role of the verbalization in correspondence training procedures." Journal of applied behavior analysis 21, 4 (1969): 345-56. Details.
  • Baer, R.A. "Effects of caffeine on classroom behavior, sustained attention, and a memory task in preschool children." Journal of applied behavior analysis 20, 3 (1969): 225-34. Details.
  • Erkapers, M.;Ekstrand, K.;Baer, R.A.;Toljanic, J.A.;Thor, A. "Patient satisfaction following dental implant treatment with immediate loading in the edentulous atrophic maxilla." The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants 26, 2 (1969): 356-64. Details.
  • Brodman, K.;Goldstein, L.S.;Baer, R.A. "Automated diagnostic screening for comprehensive medicine." Journal of occupational medicine. : official publication of the Industrial Medical Association 9, 10 (1967): 494-7. Details.
  • Killip, T.;Baer, R.A. "Hemodynamic effects after reversion from atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm by precordial shock." The Journal of clinical investigation 45, 5 (1966): 658-71. Details. Full text
  • Baer, R.A. "Correspondence training: review and current issues." Research in developmental disabilities 11, 4 (0): 379-93. Details.
  • Baer, R.A. "Self-focused attention and mechanisms of change in mindfulness-based treatment." Cognitive behaviour therapy 38 Suppl 1, (0): 15-20. Details. Full text
  • Blount, R.L.;Baer, R.A.;Collins FL, J. "Improving visual acuity in a myopic child: assessing compliance and effectiveness." Behaviour research and therapy 22, 1 (0): 53-7. Details. Full text
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