Ruth Baer

rbaer's picture
  • Emeritus Professor (Retired)
  • Clinical
  • Psychology
rbaer@email.uky.edu
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Research Interests:
  • Mindfulness
Research

**Dr. Baer is no longer accepting new graduate students

Mindfulness is a particular way of paying attention that originates in Buddhist meditation practices and has been adapted for use in Western mental health settings.  I conduct research on the assessment and conceptualization of mindfulness, mindfulness-based interventions, psychological effects of mindfulness meditation, mechanisms by which mindfulness training achieves its beneficial effects, and relationships between mindfulness and other aspects of psychological functioning. I am also interested in mindfulness and related aspects of emotional and cognitive functioning in people with borderline personality disorder and borderline traits.

I teach and supervise several mindfulness-based interventions, including acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), and mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR). I am interested in relationships between mindfulness skills and more traditional cognitive-behavioral interventions. I also enjoy psychological assessment and supervising students in a variety of assessment procedures.

 

Graduate Training
Ph.D. West Virginia Univ., 1985
Selected Publications: 

Authored Book:

  • In the United Kingdom: Baer, R. A. (in press). Practising Happiness: How Mindfulness Can Free You From Psychological Traps and Help You Build the Life You Want (London, UK: Constable and Robinson

  • In the US: Baer, R. A (in press). The Practicing Happiness Workbook: How Mindfulness Can Free You from the Four Psychological Traps that Keep You Stressed, Anxious, and Depressed (Oakland, CA: New Harbinger)

Edited Books:

  • Baer, R. A. (Ed.) (in press). Mindfulness-based treatment approaches: A clinician's guide (2nd ed.) Elsevier.
  • Baer, R. A. (Ed.) (2010). Assessing Mindfulness and acceptance processes in clients: Illuminating the theory and practice of change. New Harbinger.
  • Baer, R. A. (Ed.) (2006). Mindfulness-based treatment approaches: A clinician's guide. Elsevier.

Papers and chapters: Mindfulness

  • Baer, R. A. (2003).  Mindfulness training as a clinical intervention:  A conceptual and empirical review.  Clinical Psychology:  Science and Practice, 10, 125-143.
  • Baer, R. A., Smith G. T., Allen, K. B. (2004).  Assessment of mindfulness by self-report: The Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills.  Assessment, 11, 191-206.
  • Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Hopkins, J., Krietemeyer, J., Toney, L. (2006).  Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness.  Assessment, 13, 27-45.

  • Carmody, J. & Baer, R. A. (2008). Relationships between mindfulness practice and levels of mindfulness, medical and psychological symptoms, and well-being in a mindfulness-based stress reduction program. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 31, 23-33.

  • Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., et al. (2008). Construct validity of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire in meditating and nonmeditating samples. Assessment, 15, 329-342.

  • Carmody, J., & Baer, R. A. (2009). How long does a mindfulness-based stress reduction program need to be? A breif review of class contact hours and effect sizes for psychological disorders. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 65, 627-638.

  • Baer, R. A. (2011). Measuring mindfulness. Contemporary Buddhism: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 12, 241-261.

  • Lykins, E., Baer, R. A., & Gottlob, L. R. (2012). Performance-based tests of attention and memory in long-term mindfulness meditators and demographically matched nonmeditators. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 36, 103-114.

  • Baer, R. A., Lykins, E. L. B., & Peters, J. R. (2012). Mindfulness and self-compassion as predictors of psychological wellbeing in long-term meditators and demographically matched nonmeditators. Journal of Positive Psychology, 7, 230-238.
  • Eisenlohr-Moul, T. A., Peters, J. R., & Baer, R. A. (2014). Using mindfulness effectively in clinical practice: Two case studies (pp. 173-192). In Wedding, D. (Ed.), Case Studies in Psychotherapy. Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning.

Papers and Chapters: Borderline Personality Disorder

  • Sauer, S. E. & Baer, R. A. (in press). Ruminative and mindful self-focused attention in borderline personality disorder. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment.

  • Sauer, S. E. & Baer, R. A. (2010). Validation of measures of biosocial precursors to borderline personality disorder: Childhood emotional vulnerability and environmental invalidation. Assessment, 17, 454-466.

  • Baer, R. A., Peters, J. R., Eisenlohr-Moul, T., Geiger, P., & Sauer, S. (2012). Emotion-related cognitive processes in borderline personality disorder: A review of the empirical literature. Clinical Psychology Review, 32, 359-369.

 

 

PubMed Publications*: 
  • Fishbein, JN ;Baer, RA ;Correll, J ;Arch, JJ "The Questionnaire on Self-Transcendence (QUEST): A Measure of Trait Self-Transcendence Informed by Contextual Cognitive Behavioral Therapies." Assessment 29, 3 (2022): 508-526. Details. Full text
  • Baer, RA ;Nölken, R ;Colic, S ;Heydecke, G ;Mirzakhanian, C ;Behneke, A ;Behneke, N ;Gottesman, E ;Ottria, L ;Pozzi, A ;Fügl, A ;Zechner, W "Immediately provisionalized tapered conical connection implants for single-tooth restorations in the maxillary esthetic zone: a 5-year prospective single-cohort multicenter analysis." Clinical oral investigations 26, 4 (2022): 3593-3604. Details. Full text
  • Lee, JC ;Baer, RA "The complementary roles of MPS and CAC in renal patients." Journal of nuclear cardiology : official publication of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology (2022): Details.
  • Nagy, LM ;Shanahan, ML ;Baer, RA "An experimental investigation of the effects of self-criticism and self-compassion on implicit associations with non-suicidal self-injury." Behaviour research and therapy 139, (2021): 103819. Details. Full text
  • Turpyn, CC ;Chaplin, TM ;Fischer, S.;Thompson, JC ;Baer, RA ;Martelli, AM "Affective Neural Mechanisms of a Parenting-Focused Mindfulness Intervention." Mindfulness 12, 2 (2021): 392-404. Details.
  • Heydecke, G ;Mirzakhanian, C ;Behneke, A ;Behneke, N ;Fügl, A ;Zechner, W ;Baer, RA ;Nölken, R ;Gottesman, E ;Colic, S ;Ottria, L ;Pozzi, A "A prospective multicenter evaluation of immediately functionalized tapered conical connection implants for single restorations in maxillary anterior and premolar sites: 3-year results." Clinical oral investigations 23, 4 (2019): 1877-1885. Details. Full text
  • Greenwood, AM ;Gunnarsson, R ;Neuen, BL ;Oliver, K ;Green, SJ ;Baer, RA "Clinical presentation, treatment and outcome of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in Far North Queensland Australian adults." Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.) 22, 7 (2017): 520-530. Details. Full text
  • Fügl, A ;Zechner, W ;Pozzi, A ;Heydecke, G ;Mirzakhanian, C ;Behneke, N ;Behneke, A ;Baer, RA ;Nölken, R ;Gottesman, E ;Colic, S "An open prospective single cohort multicenter study evaluating the novel, tapered, conical connection implants supporting single crowns in the anterior and premolar maxilla: interim 1-year results." Clinical oral investigations 21, 6 (2017): 2133-2142. Details. Full text
  • Peters, JR ;Eisenlohr-Moul, TA ;Upton, BT ;Talavera, NA ;Folsom, JJ ;Baer, RA "Characteristics of Repetitive Thought Associated with Borderline Personality Features: A Multimodal Investigation of Ruminative Content and Style." Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment 39, 3 (2017): 456-466. Details.
  • Erkapers, M.;Segerström, S ;Ekstrand, K.;Baer, RA ;Toljanic, JA ;Thor, A. "The influence of immediately loaded implant treatment in the atrophic edentulous maxilla on oral health related quality of life of edentulous patients: 3-year results of a prospective study." Head & face medicine 13, 1 (2017): 21. Details. Full text
  • Smart, LM ;Peters, JR ;Baer, RA "Development and Validation of a Measure of Self-Critical Rumination." Assessment 23, 3 (2016): 321-32. Details. Full text
  • Geiger, PJ ;Boggero, IA ;Brake, CA ;Caldera, CA ;Combs, HL ;Peters, JR ;Baer, RA "Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Older Adults: A Review of the Effects on Physical and Emotional Well-being." Mindfulness 7, 2 (2016): 296-307. Details.
  • Peters, JR ;Smart, LM ;Baer, RA "Dysfunctional responses to emotion mediate the cross-sectional relationship between rejection sensitivity and borderline personality features." Journal of personality disorders 29, 2 (2015): 231-40. Details. Full text
  • Peters, JR ;Smart, LM ;Eisenlohr-Moul, TA ;Geiger, PJ ;Smith, GT ;Baer, RA "Anger Rumination as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Mindfulness and Aggression: The Utility of a Multidimensional Mindfulness Model." Journal of clinical psychology 71, 9 (2015): 871-84. Details. Full text
  • Neuen, BL ;Baer, RA ;Mantha, ML ;Haskal, ZJ "Regarding "Prospective, randomized study of cutting balloon angioplasty versus conventional balloon angioplasty for the treatment of hemodialysis access stenoses"." Journal of vascular surgery 60, 4 (2014): 1122. Details. Full text
  • Peters, JR ;Geiger, PJ ;Smart, LM ;Baer, RA "Shame and borderline personality features: the potential mediating role of anger and anger rumination." Personality disorders 5, 1 (2014): 1-9. Details. Full text
  • Neuen, BL ;Gunnarsson, R ;Webster, AC ;Baer, RA ;Golledge, J ;Mantha, ML "Predictors of patency after balloon angioplasty in hemodialysis fistulas: a systematic review." Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR 25, 6 (2014): 917-24. Details. Full text
  • Neuen, BL ;Gunnarsson, R ;Baer, RA ;Tosenovsky, P ;Green, SJ ;Golledge, J ;Mantha, ML "Factors associated with patency following angioplasty of hemodialysis fistulae." Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR 25, 9 (2014): 1419-26. Details. Full text
  • Peters, JR ;Upton, BT ;Baer, RA "Brief report: relationships between facets of impulsivity and borderline personality features." Journal of personality disorders 27, 4 (2013): 547-52. Details. Full text
  • Sauer-Zavala, SE ;Geiger, PJ ;Baer, RA "The effect of anger rumination in the relationship between borderline personality disorder symptoms and precursors." Journal of personality disorders 27, 4 (2013): 465-72. Details. Full text
  • Geiger, PJ ;Peters, JR ;Sauer-Zavala, SE ;Baer, RA "Relationships among maladaptive cognitive content, dysfunctional cognitive processes, and borderline personality features." Journal of personality disorders 27, 4 (2013): 457-64. Details. Full text
  • Lee, JC ;Baer, RA "Private hospitals and physician education." Internal medicine journal 43, 12 (2013): 1354-5. Details. Full text
  • Eisenlohr-Moul, TA ;Walsh, EC ;Charnigo RJ, Jr ;Lynam, DR ;Baer, RA "The "what" and the "how" of dispositional mindfulness: using interactions among subscales of the five-facet mindfulness questionnaire to understand its relation to substance use." Assessment 19, 3 (2012): 276-86. Details. Full text
  • Baer, RA ;Carmody, J.;Hunsinger, M. "Weekly change in mindfulness and perceived stress in a mindfulness-based stress reduction program." Journal of clinical psychology 68, 7 (2012): 755-65. Details. Full text
  • Sauer, SE ;Baer, RA "Ruminative and mindful self-focused attention in borderline personality disorder." Personality disorders 3, 4 (2012): 433-41. Details. Full text
  • Baer, RA ;Peters, JR ;Eisenlohr-Moul, TA ;Geiger, PJ ;Sauer, SE "Emotion-related cognitive processes in borderline personality disorder: a review of the empirical literature." Clinical psychology review 32, 5 (2012): 359-69. Details. Full text
  • Greco, LA ;Baer, RA ;Smith, GT "Assessing mindfulness in children and adolescents: development and validation of the Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM)." Psychological assessment 23, 3 (2011): 606-14. Details. Full text
  • Baer, RA ;Samuel, DB ;Lykins, EL "Differential item functioning on the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire is minimal in demographically matched meditators and nonmeditators." Assessment 18, 1 (2011): 3-10. Details. Full text
  • Baer, RA ;Sauer, SE "Relationships between depressive rumination, anger rumination, and borderline personality features." Personality disorders 2, 2 (2011): 142-50. Details.
  • Bond, FW ;Hayes, SC ;Baer, RA ;Carpenter, KM ;Guenole, N.;Orcutt, HK ;Waltz, T.;Zettle, RD "Preliminary psychometric properties of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II: a revised measure of psychological inflexibility and experiential avoidance." Behavior therapy 42, 4 (2011): 676-88. Details. Full text
  • Sauer, SE ;Baer, RA "Validation of measures of biosocial precursors to borderline personality disorder: childhood emotional vulnerability and environmental invalidation." Assessment 17, 4 (2010): 454-66. Details. Full text
  • Carmody, J.;Baer, RA ;L B Lykins, E.;Olendzki, N. "An empirical study of the mechanisms of mindfulness in a mindfulness-based stress reduction program." Journal of clinical psychology 65, 6 (2009): 613-26. Details. Full text
  • Carmody, J.;Baer, RA "How long does a mindfulness-based stress reduction program need to be? A review of class contact hours and effect sizes for psychological distress." Journal of clinical psychology 65, 6 (2009): 627-38. Details. Full text
  • Sauer, SE ;Baer, RA "Relationships between thought suppression and symptoms of borderline personality disorder." Journal of personality disorders 23, 1 (2009): 48-61. Details. Full text
  • Greco, LA ;Lambert, W.;Baer, RA "Psychological inflexibility in childhood and adolescence: development and evaluation of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth." Psychological assessment 20, 2 (2008): 93-102. Details. Full text
  • Baer, RA ;Smith, GT ;Lykins, E.;Button, D.;Krietemeyer, J.;Sauer, S.;Walsh, E.;Duggan, D.;Williams, JM "Construct validity of the five facet mindfulness questionnaire in meditating and nonmeditating samples." Assessment 15, 3 (2008): 329-42. Details. Full text
  • Carmody, J.;Baer, RA "Relationships between mindfulness practice and levels of mindfulness, medical and psychological symptoms and well-being in a mindfulness-based stress reduction program." Journal of behavioral medicine 31, 1 (2008): 23-33. Details. Full text
  • Baer, RA ;Smith, GT ;Hopkins, J.;Krietemeyer, J.;Toney, L. "Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness." Assessment 13, 1 (2006): 27-45. Details. Full text
  • Baer, RA ;Smith, GT ;Allen, KB "Assessment of mindfulness by self-report: the Kentucky inventory of mindfulness skills." Assessment 11, 3 (2004): 191-206. Details. Full text
  • Collins FL, Jr ;Baer, RA ;Blount, RL "Single-subject research designs for optometry." American journal of optometry and physiological optics 62, 8 (1985): 516-22. Details.
  • Toljanic, JA ;Ekstrand, K.;Baer, RA ;Thor, A. "Immediate Loading of Tilted and Axial Posterior Implants in the Edentulous Maxillary Arch: A Retrospective Comparison of 5-Year Outcomes." The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants 33, 2 (1969): 433-438. Details. Full text
  • Toljanic, JA ;Ekstrand, K.;Baer, RA ;Thor, A. "Immediate Loading of Implants in the Edentulous Maxilla with a Fixed Provisional Restoration without Bone Augmentation: A Report on 5-Year Outcomes Data Obtained from a Prospective Clinical Trial." The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants 31, 5 (1969): 1164-70. Details. Full text
  • Thor, A.;Ekstrand, K.;Baer, RA ;Toljanic, JA "Three-year follow-up of immediately loaded implants in the edentulous atrophic maxilla: a study in patients with poor bone quantity and quality." The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants 29, 3 (1969): 642-9. Details. Full text
  • Neuen, BL ;Baer, RA ;Grainer, F ;Mantha, ML "Endovascular Stent Placement for Hemodialysis Arteriovenous Access Stenosis." International journal of vascular medicine 2015, (0): 971202. Details. Full text
  • Baer, RA "Self-focused attention and mechanisms of change in mindfulness-based treatment." Cognitive behaviour therapy 38 Suppl 1, (0): 15-20. Details. Full text
  • Peters, JR ;Chester, DS ;Walsh, EC ;Dewall, CN ;Baer, RA "The rewarding nature of provocation-focused rumination in women with borderline personality disorder: a preliminary fMRI investigation." Borderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation 5, (0): 1. Details. Full text
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